Isimemezelo saseMelika sokuphela "kwesimo esiphuthumayo sezempilo yomphakathi" siyingqophamlando ekulweni ne-SARS-CoV-2.Ekuphakameni kwalo, leli gciwane labulala izigidi zabantu emhlabeni wonke, laphazamisa ngokuphelele izimpilo futhi lashintsha ngokuyisisekelo ukunakekelwa kwezempilo.Olunye lwezinguquko ezibonakala kakhulu emkhakheni wezokunakekelwa kwempilo yisidingo sokuthi bonke abasebenzi bagqoke imaski, okuyisinyathelo okuhloswe ngaso ukusebenzisa ukulawulwa kwemithombo kanye nokuvikela ukuchayeka kwawo wonke umuntu osezikhungweni zezempilo, ngaleyo ndlela kwehliswe ukusabalala kwe-SARS-CoV-2 ezikhungweni zezempilo.Kodwa-ke, lapho kuphela “isimo esiphuthumayo sezempilo yomphakathi”, izikhungo eziningi zezokwelapha e-United States manje azisadingi ukugqokwa komaski kubo bonke abasebenzi, zibuyela (njengoba kwakunjalo ngaphambi kwalolu bhubhane) zidinga ukugqokwa komaski kuphela izimo ezithile (njengalapho abasebenzi bezokwelapha belapha izifo ezithathelwanayo zokuphefumula).
Kunengqondo ukuthi imaski akufanele isadingeka ngaphandle kwezikhungo zokunakekelwa kwempilo.Ukuzivikela okutholwe ekugomeni nasekuthelelekeni ngegciwane, kuhlanganiswe nokutholakala kwezindlela zokuxilonga ngokushesha nezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo, kunciphise kakhulu ukugula nokufa okuhlobene ne-SARS-CoV-2.Ukutheleleka okuningi kwe-SARS-CoV-2 akusenankinga njengomkhuhlane namanye amagciwane okuphefumula iningi lethu eliwabekezelele isikhathi eside kangangokuthi asizizwa siphoqelekile ukugqoka imaski.
Kodwa isifaniso asisebenzi ekunakekelweni kwezempilo, ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili.Okokuqala, iziguli ezilaliswe esibhedlela zihlukile kubantu abangalalisiwe.Njengoba igama liphakamisa, izibhedlela ziqoqa abantu abasengozini kakhulu emphakathini wonke, futhi basesimweni esisengozini kakhulu (okungukuthi izimo eziphuthumayo).Imithi yokugomela kanye nokwelashwa okulwa ne-SARS-CoV-2 yehlise ukugula nokufa kwabantu okuhlobene nokutheleleka kwe-SARS-CoV-2 kubantu abaningi, kepha abanye abantu bahlala besengozini enkulu yokugula nokufa, okubandakanya abantu abadala, abantu abangenawo amandla omzimba, kanye nabantu abanobunzima obukhulu. izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, njengesifo samaphaphu esingapheli noma isifo senhliziyo.La malungu enza ingxenye enkulu yeziguli ezilaliswe esibhedlela nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, futhi eziningi zazo zibuye zivakashele iziguli ezilaliswayo njalo.
Okwesibili, izifo ze-nosocomial ezibangelwa amagciwane okuphefumula ngaphandle kwe-SARS-CoV-2 zivamile kodwa aziziswa kangako, kanjalo nemiphumela emibi la magciwane angaba nayo empilweni yeziguli ezisengozini.Umkhuhlane, i-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), i-metapneumovirus yabantu, igciwane le-parinfluenza namanye amagciwane okuphefumula anemvamisa ephezulu ngokumangazayo yokudluliselwa kwe-nosocomial kanye namaqoqo amacala.Okungenani isimo esisodwa kweziyisihlanu zenyumoniya etholwa esibhedlela singase sibangelwe igciwane, kunokuba kubangelwe amagciwane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifo ezihambisana namagciwane okuphefumula azigcini nje nge-pneumonia.Leli gciwane lingaholela futhi ekwandeni kwezifo ezingaphansi kweziguli, ezingadala umonakalo omkhulu.Ukutheleleka ngegciwane lokuphefumula okunamandla kuyimbangela eyaziwayo yesifo se-obstructive pulmonary, ukwanda kokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, i-arrhythmia, izehlakalo ze-ischemic, izenzakalo zemizwa nokufa.Umkhuhlane uwodwa uhlotshaniswa nokufa kwabantu abangaba ngu-50 000 e-United States unyaka ngamunye.Izinyathelo ezihloselwe ukunciphisa ukulimala okuhlobene nomkhuhlane, njengokugoma, zinganciphisa izehlakalo ze-ischemic, i-arrhythmias, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, kanye nokufa ezigulini ezisengozini enkulu.
Ngokwale mibono, ukugqoka imaski ezikhungweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo kusenengqondo.Amamaski anciphisa ukusabalala kwamagciwane okuphefumula avela kubantu abangenwe yileli gciwane abaqinisekisiwe nabangaqinisekisiwe.I-SARS-CoV-2, amagciwane omkhuhlane, i-RSV, namanye amagciwane okuphefumula angabangela izifo ezithambile futhi ezingenazimpawu, ngakho-ke abasebenzi nezivakashi bangase bangazi ukuthi banegciwane, kodwa abantu abangenazimpawu nangaphambi kwezimpawu basathathelwana futhi bangasakaza ukutheleleka. ezigulini.
Gngokusobala, “ubuvezi” (ukuza emsebenzini yize ugula) busasabalele, naphezu kwezicelo eziphindaphindiwe ezivela kubaholi bezinhlelo zezempilo zokuthi abasebenzi abanezimpawu bahlale ekhaya.Ngisho nangesikhathi sokuqubuka kwalesi sifo, ezinye izinhlelo zezempilo zibike ukuthi ama-50% abasebenzi abatholakale bene-SARS-CoV-2 beza bezosebenza benezimpawu.Ucwaningo ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokuqubuka kwalesi sifo luphakamisa ukuthi ukugqoka imaski ngabasebenzi bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo kunganciphisa ukutheleleka ngegciwane lokuphefumula elitholakala esibhedlela cishe ngama-60.%
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-22-2023