I-OpenAI's ChatGPT (i-chat generative pretrained transformer) iyi-chatbot esebenza ngobuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI) esibe uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-inthanethi olukhula ngokushesha emlandweni.I-Generative AI, ehlanganisa amamodeli olimi amakhulu njenge-GPT, ikhiqiza umbhalo ofana nalowo owenziwe abantu futhi ibonakala ilingisa umcabango womuntu.Abafundi abaqeqeshwayo nabahlengikazi sebesebenzisa ubuchwepheshe, futhi imfundo yezokwelapha ayikwazi ukukhokhela ucingo.Umkhakha wezemfundo yezokwelapha manje kufanele ubhekane nomthelela we-AI.
Kunokukhathazeka okuningi okusemthethweni mayelana nomthelela we-AI kwezokwelapha, okuhlanganisa amandla okuthi i-AI yakhe ulwazi futhi ilwethule njengeqiniso (okwaziwa ngokuthi “inkohliso”), umthelela we-AI kubumfihlo besiguli, kanye nobungozi bokwenzelela okufakwa phakathi idatha yomthombo.Kodwa sikhathazekile ngokuthi ukugxila kuphela kulezi zinselele ezisheshayo kusitha imithelela eminingi ebanzi i-AI engaba nayo emfundweni yezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi izindlela ubuchwepheshe obungalolonga ngazo izakhiwo zokucabanga kanye namaphethini okunakekela ezizukulwaneni ezizayo zabaqeqeshwayo nodokotela.
Kuwo wonke umlando, ubuchwepheshe buye bathuthukisa indlela odokotela abacabanga ngayo.Ukusungulwa kwe-stethoscope ekhulwini le-19 kwakhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa nokuphelela kokuhlolwa komzimba ngezinga elithile, kwase kuvela umqondo wokuzicabangela wona womseshi wokuxilonga.Muva nje, ubuchwepheshe bolwazi buye balolonga kabusha imodeli yokucabanga komtholampilo, njengoba uLawrence Weed, umsunguli wamarekhodi ezokwelapha agxile ezinkingeni, ekubeka: Indlela odokotela abahlela ngayo idatha ithinta indlela esicabanga ngayo.Izakhiwo zesimanje zokukhokhisa ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, izinhlelo zokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi, namarekhodi ezokwelapha amanje kagesi (kanye nezinkinga ezihambisana nawo) konke kuthonywe kakhulu yile ndlela yokuqopha.
I-ChatGPT yethulwe ekwindla ka-2022, futhi ezinyangeni ezidlule, amandla ayo abonise ukuthi okungenani iphazamisa njengamarekhodi ezokwelapha agxile ezinkingeni.I-ChatGPT iphumelele ukuhlolwa kwelayisense yezokwelapha yase-US kanye nokuhlolwa kokucabanga komtholampilo futhi iseduze nemodi yokucabanga yokuxilonga yodokotela.Imfundo ephakeme manje ibhekene “nokuphela kwendlela yezincwadi zezifundo zasekolishi,” futhi okufanayo kuzokwenzeka maduze ngesitatimende somuntu siqu esilethwa abafundi lapho befaka isicelo esikoleni sezokwelapha.Izinkampani ezinkulu zokunakekelwa kwezempilo zisebenzisana nezinkampani zobuchwepheshe ukusabalalisa kabanzi nangokushesha i-AI kulo lonke uhlelo lwezempilo lwase-US, okuhlanganisa ukuyihlanganisa kumarekhodi ezokwelapha kagesi kanye nesofthiwe yokuqaphela izwi.Ama-Chatbots aklanyelwe ukuthatha omunye wemisebenzi yodokotela eza ezomaketha.
Ngokusobala, isimo semfundo yezokwelapha siyashintsha futhi sesishintshile, ngakho imfundo yezokwelapha ibhekene nokukhetha okukhona: Ingabe othisha bezokwelapha bathatha isinyathelo sokuqala sokuhlanganisa i-AI ekuqeqeshweni kodokotela futhi balungiselele abasebenzi bodokotela ngokuphepha nangendlela efanele lobu buchwepheshe obuguqulayo emsebenzini wezokwelapha. ?Noma ingabe amandla angaphandle afuna ukusebenza kahle kanye nenzuzo azonquma ukuthi lezi zinto zombili zihlangana kanjani?Sikholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi abaklami bezifundo, izinhlelo zokuqeqesha odokotela nabaholi bezokunakekelwa kwempilo, kanye nezinhlangano ezigunyaza, kumele baqale ukucabanga nge-AI.
Izikole zezokwelapha zibhekene nenselelo ekabili: zidinga ukufundisa abafundi indlela yokusebenzisa i-AI emsebenzini womtholampilo, futhi zidinga ukubhekana nabafundi bezokwelapha kanye nobuhlakani obusebenzisa i-AI ezifundweni.Abafundi bezokwelapha sebevele besebenzisa i-AI ezifundweni zabo, besebenzisa ama-chatbots ukuze bakhe izakhiwo mayelana nesifo futhi babikezele amaphuzu okufundisa.Othisha bacabanga ukuthi i-AI ingabasiza kanjani ukuklama izifundo nokuhlola.
Umbono wokuthi amakharikhulamu ezikole zezokwelapha aklanywe abantu ubhekene nokungaqiniseki: Izikole zezokwelapha zizoyilawula kanjani ikhwalithi yokuqukethwe ezinhlelweni zazo ezingazange zicatshangwe abantu?Izikole zingawagcina kanjani amazinga emfundo uma abafundi basebenzisa i-AI ukuqedela izabelo?Ukuze kulungiselelwe abafundi isimo somtholampilo sesikhathi esizayo, izikole zezokwelapha zidinga ukuqala umsebenzi onzima wokuhlanganisa ukufundisa mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwe-AI ezifundweni zamakhono omtholampilo, izifundo zokuxilonga, kanye nokuqeqeshwa okuhlelekile kokusebenza komtholampilo.Njengesinyathelo sokuqala, othisha bangafinyelela kochwepheshe bokufundisa bendawo futhi babacele ukuthi bakhe izindlela zokulungisa ikharikhulamu futhi bafake i-AI ohlelweni lwezifundo.Ikharikhulamu ebuyekeziwe izobe isihlolwa ngokucophelela futhi ishicilelwe, inqubo eseyiqalile manje.
Ezingeni lemfundo yezokwelapha, izakhamuzi kanye nochwepheshe ekuqeqeshweni kudingeka balungiselele ikusasa lapho i-AI izoba yingxenye ebalulekile yokusebenza kwabo okuzimele.Odokotela abaqeqeshwayo kufanele bakhululeke ukusebenza ne-AI futhi baqonde amakhono ayo kanye nemikhawulo, kokubili ukuze basekele amakhono abo omtholampilo futhi ngoba iziguli zabo sezivele zisebenzisa i-AI.
Isibonelo, i-ChatGPT ingenza izincomo zokuhlolelwa umdlavuza isebenzisa ulimi okulula ukuluqonda iziguli, nakuba lunganembe ngo-100%.Imibuzo eyenziwe iziguli ezisebenzisa i-AI izoshintsha nakanjani ubudlelwano bodokotela nesiguli, njengoba nje ukwanda kwemikhiqizo yokuhlola izakhi zofuzo ezithengiswayo kanye nezinkundla zokuxhumana zezokwelapha eziku-inthanethi kushintshe ingxoxo emitholampilo yeziguli ezingalaliswanga.Izakhamuzi zanamuhla kanye nochwepheshe ekuqeqeshweni baneminyaka engu-30 kuya kwengu-40 ngaphambi kwabo, futhi badinga ukuzivumelanisa nezinguquko emithini yomtholampilo.
Othisha bezokwelapha kufanele basebenzele ukuklama izinhlelo ezintsha zokuqeqesha ezisiza izakhamuzi nabaqeqeshi abangochwepheshe bakhe “ubuchwepheshe obuvumelana nezimo” ku-AI, okubenza bakwazi ukuzulazula kumagagasi oshintsho esikhathi esizayo.Izigungu eziphethe njengoMkhandlu Wokugunyazwa Kwezemfundo Yezokwelapha Ezithweswe Iziqu zingahlanganisa okulindelwe mayelana nemfundo ye-AI ezimfuneko zesimiso sokuqeqesha, ezingaba yisisekelo samazinga ohlelo lwezifundo, Zigqugquzele izinhlelo zokuqeqesha ukuze zishintshe izindlela zazo zokuqeqesha.Okokugcina, odokotela asebevele basebenza kuzilungiselelo zomtholampilo badinga ukujwayelana ne-AI.Imiphakathi yochwepheshe ingalungiselela amalungu ayo izimo ezintsha emkhakheni wezokwelapha.
Ukukhathazeka ngendima ezodlalwa yi-AI emsebenzini wezokwelapha akuyona into encane.Imodeli yokuqeqeshwa kwengqondo yokufundisa kwezokwelapha ithathe izinkulungwane zeminyaka.Ngabe le modeli izothinteka kanjani esimweni lapho abafundi bezokwelapha beqala ukusebenzisa ama-chatbots e-AI kusukela ngosuku lokuqala lokuqeqeshwa kwabo?Ithiyori yokufunda igcizelela ukuthi ukusebenza kanzima nokuzijwayeza ngamabomu kubalulekile elwazini nasekukhuleni kwamakhono.Odokotela bazoba kanjani abafundi abaphumelelayo impilo yonke lapho noma yimuphi umbuzo ungaphendulwa ngokushesha nangokuthembekile nge-chatbot eceleni kombhede?
Iziqondiso zokuziphatha ziyisisekelo sokusebenza kwezokwelapha.Uzobukeka kanjani umuthi uma usizwa amamodeli e-AI ahlunga izinqumo zesimilo ngama-algorithms angabonakali?Cishe iminyaka engu-200, ubunikazi bochwepheshe bodokotela bebungenakuhlukaniswa nomsebenzi wethu wokuqonda.Kuzosho ukuthini ukuthi odokotela baqeqeshelwe ubudokotela lapho umsebenzi omningi wokuqonda unganikezwa i-AI?Awukho kule mibuzo ongaphenduleka njengamanje, kodwa sidinga ukuwubuza.
Isazi sefilosofi uJacques Derrida wethula umqondo we-pharmakon, okungaba "umuthi" noma "ubuthi," futhi ngendlela efanayo, ubuchwepheshe be-AI buveza kokubili amathuba nezinsongo.Njengoba kuningi okusengcupheni yekusasa lokunakekelwa kwezempilo, umphakathi wezemfundo yezokwelapha kufanele uhole ekuhlanganiseni i-AI ekusebenzeni komtholampilo.Inqubo ngeke ibe lula, ikakhulukazi uma kubhekwa izimo ezishintsha ngokushesha kanye nokuntuleka kwezincwadi zokuqondisa, kodwa Ibhokisi likaPandora selivuliwe.Uma singalokhi ikusasa lethu, izinkampani zobuchwepheshe ezinamandla ziyakujabulela ukuthatha umsebenzi
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-05-2023