Ngo-2011, ukuzamazama komhlaba kanye ne-tsunami kuthinte isizinda samandla enuzi se-Fukushima Daiichi 1 kuya ku-3 ukuncibilika kwe-reactor core. Selokhu kwenzeka ingozi, i-TEPCO iqhubekile nokujova amanzi emikhunjini yokuphatha ye-Unit 1 kuya ku-3 ukupholisa ama-reactor cores kanye nokuthola amanzi angcolile, futhi kusukela ngo-March 2021, amathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.25 amanzi angcolile agciniwe, amathani angu-140 engezwa nsuku zonke.
Ngomhla ziyisi-9 kuMbasa, 2021, uhulumeni waseJapan ngokuyisisekelo wanquma ukukhipha indle yenuzi esikhungweni samandla enuzi iFukushima Daiichi iwafake olwandle. Ngo-April 13, uhulumeni waseJapane wabamba umhlangano wekhabhinethi ofanele futhi wanquma ngokusemthethweni: Izigidi zamathani emfucumfucu yenuzi evela esikhungweni samandla enyukliya i-Fukushima First zizohlungwa futhi zihlanjululwe olwandle futhi zikhishwe ngemva kuka-2023. Izazi zaseJapane ziveze ukuthi ulwandle oluzungeze iFukushima aluyona nje indawo yokudoba yabadobi bendawo ukuze basinde olwandle, kodwa futhi nengxenye yolwandlekazi lwePacific. Ukukhishwa kwendle yenuzi olwandle kuzothinta ukufuduka kwezinhlanzi emhlabeni wonke, ukudoba olwandle, impilo yabantu, ukuphepha kwemvelo nezinye izici, ngakho-ke lolu daba aluyona nje indaba yasekhaya eJapane, kodwa udaba lwamazwe ngamazwe oluhilela i-ecology yomhlaba wonke kanye nokuphepha kwemvelo.
Ngomhla zizi-4 kuJulayi, 2023, i-International Atomic Energy Agency yamemezela kuwebhusayithi yayo esemthethweni ukuthi le nhlangano ikholelwa ukuthi uhlelo lwase-Japan lokuchithwa kwamanzi angcolile luhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuphepha zomhlaba wonke. Ngomhla ziyisi-7 kuJulayi, i-Atomic Energy Regulation Authority yase-Japan yakhipha “isitifiketi sokwamukela” sezindawo zokudonsa amanzi angcolile ze-Fukushima First nuclear Power Plant ku-Tokyo Electric Power Company. Ngomhla ziyisi-9 kuNcwaba, iNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene kanye nezinye iNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene eVienna yashicilela kuwebhusayithi yayo Iphepha Lokusebenza Lokuchithwa Kwamanzi Angcoliswe NgeNuclear Livela Engozini Yesikhungo Samandla Enuzi i-Fukushima Daiichi e-Japan (lethulwe Engqungqutheleni YokuQala Yokulungiselela YeNgqungquthela Yeshumi Nanye Yokubuyekezwa KweSivumelwano SeNuclear Wezikhali Zenuzi).
Ngo-13:00 ngo-Agasti 24, 2023, isikhungo samandla enuzi sase-Japan i-Fukushima Daiichi saqala ukukhipha amanzi angcolile enuzi olwandle.
Izingozi zokuchitheka kwamanzi angcolile enuzi olwandle:
1.Ukungcola ngemisebe
Amanzi angcolile enuzi aqukethe izinto ezikhipha imisebe, njengama-radioisotopes, okuhlanganisa i-tritium, i-strontium, i-cobalt ne-iodine. Lezi zinto ezikhipha imisebe zinemisebe futhi zingalimaza impilo yasolwandle kanye nemvelo. Angangena echungechungeni lokudla ngokumunca noma ngokumunca ngokuqondile izinto eziphilayo zasolwandle, ekugcineni kuthinte ukudla komuntu ngokudla kwasolwandle.
2. Imithelela ye-Ecosystem
Ulwandle luyisimiso sezinto eziphilayo esiyinkimbinkimbi, esinabantu abaningi bezinto eziphilayo kanye nezinqubo zemvelo ezincike komunye nomunye. Ukukhishwa kwamanzi angcolile enuzi kungase kuphazamise ibhalansi yezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle. Ukukhishwa kwezinto ezikhipha imisebe kungase kuholele ekuguquguqukeni, ekukhubazekeni nasekukhiqizweni kokuzalana kwezilwane zasolwandle. Zingase futhi zilimaze izakhi ezibalulekile ze-ecosystem ezifana nezixhobo zamakhorali, imibhede yotshani basolwandle, izitshalo zasolwandle kanye nezilwanyana ezincane, eziphinde zibe nomthelela empilweni nokuzinza kwayo yonke i-ecosystem yasolwandle.
3. Ukudluliselwa kochungechunge lokudla
Izinto ezikhipha imisebe emanzini angcolile enuzi zingangena ezintweni eziphila olwandle bese zidlulela ochungechungeni lokudla ziye kwezinye izinto eziphilayo. Lokhu kungaholela ekuqongeleleni kancane kancane kwezinto ezikhipha imisebe ohlelweni lokudla, ekugcineni kuthinte impilo yezilwane ezidla ezinye, kuhlanganise nezinhlanzi, izilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle nezinyoni. Abantu bangase badle lezi zinto ezikhipha imisebe ngokusebenzisa ukudla kwasolwandle okungcolile, okudala ingozi yempilo engaba khona.
4. Ukusabalala kokungcola
Ngemva kokuba amanzi angcolile enuzi ekhishelwe olwandle, izinto ezikhipha imisebe zingasakazekela endaweni ebanzi yolwandle enemisinga yolwandle. Lokhu kushiya izimiso zemvelo zasolwandle eziningi kanye nemiphakathi yabantu okungenzeka ukuthi ithikamezeke ngenxa yokungcoliswa kwemisebe, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziseduze nezindawo zokuphehla amandla enuzi noma izindawo zokulahla. Lokhu kubhebhetheka kokungcola kungawela imingcele yamazwe futhi kube inkinga yomhlaba wonke yezemvelo nokuvikeleka.
5. Izingozi zempilo
Izinto ezikhipha imisebe emanzini angcolile enuzi zibeka ubungozi obungaba khona empilweni yomuntu. Ukungena noma ukuthintana nezinto ezikhipha imisebe kungaholela ekuchayekeni emisebeni nasezinkingeni zempilo ezihlobene nomdlavuza, ukulimala kofuzo kanye nezinkinga zokuzala. Nakuba ukukhishwa kwezinto ezikhishelwayo kungase kulawulwe ngokuqinile, ukuchayeka emisebeni yesikhathi eside nokunqwabelanayo kungase kubangele izingozi zempilo ezingaba khona kubantu.
Izenzo zase-Japan zithinta ngokuqondile indawo ezungezile yokuphila komuntu kanye nekusasa lezingane zethu. Lesi senzo sokunganaki nokunganaki sizolahlwa yibo bonke ohulumeni. Njengamanje, inani elikhulu lamazwe nezifunda seziqalile ukuvimbela ukungeniswa kwempahla yaseJapan, futhi iJapan isiziphushele phezu kwewa. Umbhali womdlavuza womhlaba – Japan.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-26-2023